Thursday, August 27, 2020

Literary works describing the struggle against slavery essayEssay Writing Service

Artistic works depicting the battle against subjugation essayEssay Writing Service Artistic works depicting the battle against subjugation paper Artistic works depicting the battle against subjugation essayThere are numerous abstract works that are not, at this point unequivocally sorted out around the battle to end bondage. By and by, it is conceivable to recognize the fundamental subject bringing together these progressively contemporary fictions. Three messages that will be talked about in this paper are James Weldon Johnson’s Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man, George Schuyler’s Black No More and Octavia Butler’s Kindred. These scholarly works depict the significant clashes of African American history that allude to the battle against bondage. The creators of these books give the slave stories that feature the nostalgic thoughts with respect to the battle against prejudice. It is important to perceive the authors’ need to recognize verifiable effect of contemporary writing on the portrayal of race relations. The scholarly works mirror the negative impacts of the Jim Crow Era on African American s, putting accentuation on the capacity of writing to address racial savagery and â€Å"see race through the viewpoint of otherhood† (Lavender 63). Proposition articulation: Three abstract works, James Weldon Johnson’s Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man, George Schuyler’s Black No More and Octavia Butler’s Kindred, are centered around portrayal of the multifaceted nature of race relations which influence the further battle to end servitude in American society.In the novel Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man (1912) composed by James Weldon Johnson, the key topic is analysis of race relations. The creator of the slave story examined the job of human personality in taking care of the issues brought about by both interracial and intra-racial clashes and viciousness. The epic tells about the life of a youthful biracial man, named as the â€Å"Ex-Colored Man, who lived America in the late nineteenth century. He needed to settle on a decision between two racial classes: blacks and whites.â He could grasp his dark legacy and become the African-American performer or to live as a conventional working class white man. The creator portrays lynching as a clear case of racial viciousness brought about by racial domination. The creator shows how a dark man was scorched alive by a white crowd. He expounds on the casualty of the lynching scene, â€Å"He wriggled, he squirmed, stressed in his chains, at that point gave out cries and moans that I will consistently hear† (Johnson 83). The Ex-Colored Man, impacted by this occasion, settles on a choice to go as white man. James Weldon Johnson’s portrayal of race relations depends on violence.In George Schuyler’s epic Black No More (1931), the race issue in America is examined to put accentuation on the current racial contrasts. The creator of the novel uses parody to reprimand racial connection. The creator recounts to the narrative of a dark man Max Disher who utilizes logical cha nge procedure to turn into a white man Mathew Fisher. Truth be told, the creator reprimands the current race relations through portrayal of the skin shade of his hero who becomes â€Å"black no more† (Schuyler 78).  In the novel Black No More, the creator features the criticalness of the race issue in American culture. He utilizes parody to delineate the working of the fantasy of race immaculateness brought about by the presence of white supremacy.â Racism portrayed by the creator is utilized to fill financial needs, which reflect voracity as the significant inspiration of the principle characters in their activities. The bigot condition, in which the primary characters live, relies upon racial contrasts between the blacks and the whites.â Thus, the fundamental character Max is dismissed by a white lady Helen since she is a supremacist. Be that as it may, Max settles on a choice to evacuate his darkness to turn out to be nearer to Helen. The difference in dark populace to white prompts genuine monetary issues in American culture in light of the fact that the least expensive dark work power is lost.In Octavia Butler’s Kindred (1979), the peruser is allowed a chance to survey a progressively perplexing portrayal of race relations in America. The creator shows how African Americans address the historical backdrop of â€Å"racial Othering† and the approaches to battle for their identity.â In the novel Kindred, the principle character Dana, an African American lady, gets an opportunity to be moved from the year 1976 to the mid nineteenth century. She originates from Los Angeles to Maryland so as to meet her predecessors. She meets a white man Rufus and his slave Alice, a youthful African American lady. Alice was not a conceived slave, as she was constrained into subjugation later in her life. Octavia Butler is centered around the utilization of time travel and the impacts of hereditary designing to cross examine the recorded ideal model s of bondage in America. The epic Kindred is viewed as a neo-slave story that reflects recorded truth of subjection in America. The writer expounds on race relations of white and individuals of color living in the eighteenth century, â€Å"they lived in simplicity and solace upheld by tremendous quantities of blacks whom they kept in destitution and held in contempt† (Butler 196).Thus, it is important to infer that numerous books in American writing are centered around portrayal of the battle against servitude, yet the writers utilize various ways to deal with feature race relations and take care of race-related issues. Three books talked about in this paper, James Weldon Johnson’s Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man, George Schuyler’s Black No More and Octavia Butler’s Kindred, depend on slave stories that mirror the entangled connections among slaves and their lords, and the connections between the blacks and the whites, through disgrace, contempt and sa vagery.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Wage Inequality in the Airline Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Pay Inequality in the Airline Industry - Essay Example For instance, in the trucking business, after deregulation association compensation fell, while nonunion wages didn't change altogether. This differentiations to the circumstance in the aircraft business, where the wages of nonunion laborers after deregulation have dissolved (Bratsberg et al, 2001). The section of new non-association, low-wage organizations into the market constrained existing organizations to separate pay concessions from their representatives, on the off chance that they needed to stay serious (Deller, 2002). Thusly rivalry with other private carrier organizations and administrative aircraft providers, constrained wages descending to contain costs increments. All things considered, as a result of high industry unionization (Bratsberg et al, 2001), the associations held impressive dealing power, thus they were increasingly successful in protecting high wages, and the association wage advantage expanded during the years after the deregulation. Writing audit has not recognized one single strategy for deciding pay imbalance for the carrier business. Rather, different research papers explore into various perspectives that clarify wage levels and gauge wage imbalance in the aircraft business by making examinations between various specialist/representative gatherings in the business. One such paper recognizes wage levels of association, and nonun... One such paper recognizes wage levels of association, and nonunion laborers, by surveying the impact of deregulation on association power (Bratsberg et al, 2001). In the long run, association power impacts the pay levels of comparative classifications of laborers who contrast in their business relations (association versus nonunion specialists). As indicated by the article, after deregulation, association compensation have been less receptive to this change, though non-association compensation have diminished altogether (Bratsberg et al, 2001) because of serious weight on costs. This has expanded the association premium and has made more prominent pay imbalance in the business. Another exploration venture attempted by Michael Reich (2003) surveys wage strategies at the San Francisco International Airport - SFO - for eighty managers in security zones or who perform security capacities. The paper recognizes distinctive level assistance laborers, characterizing security screeners, stuff handlers, fuel specialists, client assistance operators [] as the most minimal paid [non-administrative level] carrier administration laborers. The exploration finds out compensation imbalance dependent on organization of work, while lower compensation are concentrated among representatives of aircraft administration contractual workers, differentiated by (in-house) carrier organizations. Also, Reich (2003) decides a benchmark the lowest pay permitted by law level (like the relative destitution line) of $10.00 every hour and remarks that the presentation of new approaches that lessening wage disparity have made noteworthy decrease in occupations turnover. This has made the cons tructive outcome of decreased compensation disparity on administration levels, specialist inspiration and profitability (Reich, 2003). References: 1. Bratsberg, B. and Ragan J. (2001) Changes in the Union Wage Premium

Friday, August 21, 2020

13 Things That Will Definitely Happen on Graduation Day

13 Things That Will Definitely Happen on Graduation Day 13 Things That Will Definitely Happen on Graduation Day Ah, graduation. The biggest day in your academic career, which everything you’ve done in your degree has been leading up to. All those endless hours spent with your head buried in a book in the library paid off, and now it’s time to get that degree certificate. Here are some things that are pretty much guaranteed to happen on graduation day… You won’t know most of the other graduands in the room. via GIPHY Ah, nothing like graduation day to make you realize just how many people were on your course all this time! Things will get sweaty. via GIPHY It doesn’t matter if it’s a relatively cool day…you will definitely get hot in your gown. Professors and guest speakers will make generic speeches about how much you’ve achieved. This will probably include bad jokes. via GIPHY Of course, you may luck out and get a genuinely entertaining guest speaker, maybe even a celebrity who’s been given an honorary degree â€" Welsh comedian Rhod Gilbert was at my graduation for this very reason (in his own words, he ‘rocked up and got a freebie’). Someone will fall over on stage. via GIPHY This may be someone in unwisely high heels, although even those in flats have been known to apparently fall over their own feet. Hopefully you won’t be the unfortunate soul who this happens to. And if it does, just laugh it off! You’ll overthink your handshake. via GIPHY You’re stood just off stage, ready to go on and shake hands with the vice chancellor…this is the Big Moment. All eyes will be on you. Let’s not panic… Someone’s name will be completely obliterated. Again, hopefully this won’t happen to you. Your parents will take A LOT of photos. And I mean a lot, hopefully with nicer backgrounds on campus than the stairs in the image above! Hey, they’re proud of you, and want to document this momentous occasion. Also, if either of them have Facebook, prepare for the obligatory status update with photos from the day. They’ll also cry at some point. Accurate depiction of mum and dad as they watch your handshake moment. You won’t be sure if you’re wearing your mortarboard correctly. And you’ll probably also fiddle a bit with the graduation gown. Your hands will hurt from clapping. via GIPHY Honestly, the people near the end are at a disadvantage here. Clapping hurts at this point, so they’re bound to get less enthusiastic applauses. You’ll briefly lose your mortarboard after throwing it in the air with the other grads. via GIPHY In fact, is the hat you pick up even yours? Who knows. You’ll pose for professional photos with a plastic fake degree certificate. Soon to take pride of place on the mantelpiece at your nan’s. And finally, you’ll go out for one last drink at your favorite uni haunt. via GIPHY This is where you too may find yourself becoming emotional, as it finally dawns on you that this is probably going to be the last time for a long time (or possibly even the last time ever) that you and your friends drink in this bar all together. Have a toast to old times and to everything exciting that lies ahead for you all, and know that it won’t be goodbye forever.

Monday, May 25, 2020

The Debate Of Capital Punishment - 1313 Words

Capital Punishment Introduction The state of California has carried out 13 executions since the enactment of capital punishment in 1992 (NAACP, 2016, 10). According to the NAACP winter quarterly report, there are currently 743 prisoners on death row (NAACP, 2016, 39). Since the enactment, there has been a wide range of political debate. The largest concern is in regards to the number of wrongful convictions and its philosophical underpinnings. The citizens in California are as diverse as their opinions regarding capital punishment. As a society continues to grow, and time passes philosophical, themes change as well. As with any type of change, legislation eventually follows. Philosophical Underpinnings The debate for capital punishment is a debate that can last for a long time. Deterrence and Retribution is the basic philosophies of many individuals who believe and support capital punishment. Many individuals believe that those capital punishments will help stop crime from occurring. Isaac Ehrlich reported, (as cited in Radelet Akers, 1996, 4), that he had uncovered a significant deterrent effect. He estimated that each execution between 1933 and 1969 had prevented eight homicides. Radelet and Akers conducted a questionnaire on deterrence issues. These interviews were expert criminologist and the questions originated from Gallup and Ellsworth/Ross surveys (based on their knowledge in criminology) (Radelet Akers, 1996, 6). The results showed that based on their ownShow MoreRelatedThe Debate On Capital Punishment1673 Words   |  7 Pagessocieties in history at least at one point of time or another. Capital punishment could have been considered a tradition of sorts, considering how often it was and still is made to be an intriguing, perhaps morbidly entertaining, spectac le. When the reality behind the contentious punishment is revealed, so is the true ugliness of this custom. Throughout the world in modern times, including the United States in particular, the controversial debate on whether to retain or abolish the death penalty is extremelyRead MoreThe Capital Punishment Debate Essay1396 Words   |  6 PagesCapital Punishment, also known as the death penalty is a legal sentence for a criminal to be put to death. The Punishment is rising to a controversial topic and has led to a lot of heated debates. As of 2014, over 150 countries have abolished the death penalty and 40 others have not used it in recent years, although it is still legal. The death Penalty is mostly used in extreme cases of crime like rape or murder. The convicted criminals are mostly put to death in inhuman ways such as lethal injectionsRead MoreThe Debate Over Capital Punishment936 Words   |  4 Pages The debate over capital punishment is in regards to whether the death penalty contradicts the Eighth Amendment. If the death penalty does contradict the Eight Amendment, then the State should not have the power to sentence criminals to death for capital crimes. However, if capital punishment is not against the Eighth Amendment, then the State has the right to sentence criminals to death. In this essay I will first summarize Justice Brennan’s argument on why the death penalty is beyond the powerRead MoreThe Debate Over Capital Punishment1183 Words   |  5 Pagesmorally just and constitutional. Those thinking it is cruel want capital punishment abolished. The others want to see it revised and maintained. Capital punishment is being sentenced to death and executed for committing various crimes. Usually, it is reserved for convicted murder cases, but had been used for others such as: armed robbery, kidnapping, rape, and treason. Only about sixty countries still use capital punishment – the United States included. Canada, Australia, and most EuropeanRead MoreEssay on Capital Punishment Debate1527 Words   |  7 PagesCapital Punishment Debate Is Capital Punishment, otherwise known as the Death Penalty, a disgraceful and unjust way to kill a fellow Human being? Or is it a justifiable way to punish someone in a modern day society? Some nations use the Death Penalty as their most severe punishment. Capital Punishment is one of the most debated issues in current day life. Is it acceptable or not? Many politicians have put their arguments across highlighting both their benefits andRead MoreCapital Punishment Debate Essay756 Words   |  4 PagesCapital Punishment Debate The death penalty is a tough debate and an overwhelming argument in this country. We as Americans put Timothy McVeigh to death by lethal injection just three months ago. Arguments can be made for and against the death penalty, but this is not the problem. Capital Punishment is supposed to be a deterrent to crime, but is the death penalty really a deterrent? Capital Punishment is not a deterrent for crime, and the effects ofRead MoreThe Capital Punishment Debate Essay2269 Words   |  10 PagesCapital Punishment Try to imagine a relative sitting in a dark, cold, and tight prison cell and knowing minutes later that death would come for them through lethal injection. What if their case wasnt handled correctly, what if evidence was mishandled, and possibly an innocent person is going to die. Imagine the family who has been waiting years for justice to be served by the means of lethal injection. There is two sides to every story either way both families will grieve or already is. Read MoreThe Debate Over Capital Punishment1599 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The Capital Punishment is a sure punishment. Sure punishment in the sense that the convicted never commits another crime, namely a homicide, again. People that oppose it support the argument that as human beings we shouldn’t take the responsibility of judging who should and shouldn’t die. That argument is backed by moral reasons, whether they are religious or simply ethical beliefs. Another argument against it is the fact that an offender facing the death penalty does not deter themRead MoreAmerica s Debate On Capital Punishment760 Words   |  4 PagesAmerica’s Debate: Should the Capital Punishment be abolished in the United States? Violent crimes such a murder, rape, sexual assault, and robbery are perpetrated by criminals once every few minutes in this country. Lawmakers spend countless hours enacting laws to prevent these crimes. The introduction of the death penalty is an effort to deter criminals from committing heinous crimes. What exactly does the death penalty accomplish? The best description of the term death penalty is the legal executionRead MoreThe Debate over Capital Punishment Essay1025 Words   |  5 PagesThe Debate over Capital Punishment South Carolina, January 15, 1993. After wounding an Orangeburg, S.C. police officer with a misfired bullet, Thomas Treshawn Ivey, an Alabama prison escapee, proceeded to fired five more shots into the police officer from a handgun at close range after the wounded police office had reached for his gun. Ivey fled the scene but was quickly apprehended. This scenario is not to different from the horrible acts of violence that lead an offender to death row where

Thursday, May 14, 2020

What Do Adult and Immature Dragonflies Eat

All dragonflies and damselflies are predators, in both their immature and adult life cycle stages. They feed mainly on other insects.  Dragonflies are efficient and effective hunters, whether in the aquatic larval stage or the terrestrial adult stage. What Adult Dragonflies Eat As adults, dragonflies feed on other live insects. They arent picky eaters. Theyll eat any insect they can catch, including other dragonflies. Midges and mosquitoes make up the bulk of their diet, but dragonflies will also prey on flies, bees, beetles, moths, butterflies, and other flying insects. The larger the dragonfly, the larger the prey insect it can consume (including other dragonflies and damselflies). A dragonfly will eat roughly 15% of its own body weight in prey each day, and larger species can easily consume much more than that. Keep in mind that dragonflies capable of eating larger prey are also capable of inflicting painful bites to human fingers. How Adult Dragonflies Hunt Dragonflies use one of three techniques to find and capture prey: hawking, sallying, or gleaning. These are the same terms used to describe foraging behavior in birds. Hawking -  Most dragonflies capture their prey in flight, plucking live insects right out of the air. Theyre well equipped for pursuing and capturing flying prey. Dragonflies can accelerate in an instant, turn on a dime, hover in place, and even fly backward. By forming a basket of sorts with its legs, a dragonfly can overtake a fly or bee and simply scoop it up and pop it into its mouth, without stopping. Some, like darners and spread wings, will just open their mouths and swallow whatever they catch as they fly. Dragonflies that use hawking to catch their prey include darners, emeralds, gliders, and saddlebags.Sallying  - Perching dragonflies will sit and watch for prey, and then rapidly sally forth to capture it as it passes by. Salliers include skimmers, clubtails, dancers, spread wings, and broad-winged damsels.Gleaning  - Other dragonflies use a strategy called gleaning, preferring to hover over vegetation and snatch insects perched on plant leaves or stems. Young dragonf ly adults, which often hunt in forested environments, will grab and eat caterpillars suspended from the trees by silken threads. Most pond damselflies are gleaners. What Immature Dragonflies Eat Dragonfly nymphs, which live in water, also feed on live prey. A nymph will lie in wait, most often on aquatic vegetation. When prey moves within reach, it unfurls its labium and thrusts it forward in an instant, grabbing the unsuspecting critter with a pair of palpi. Larger nymphs can capture and eat tadpoles or even small fish. Some dragonfly nymphs skewer their prey with pointed palps.  These include immature darners, clubtails, petaltails, and damselflies. Other dragonfly nymphs enclose their prey using mouthparts that grab and scoop. These include immature skimmers, emeralds, spiketails, and cruisers.   Sources Dragonflies, by Cynthia Berger, 2004.Borror and DeLongs Introduction to the Study of Insects, 7th Edition, by Charles A. Triplehorn and Norman F. Johnson, 2005.Encyclopedia of Insects, 2nd Edition, by Vincent H. Resh and Ring T. Carde, 2009Dragonflies and Damselflies of the East, by Dennis Paulson, 2011.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Evolution And Portrayals Of Family Sitcoms Essay

The Evolution and Portrayals of Family Sitcoms Family sitcoms have been the most popular and positively influenced television shows watched since the 1900s to today. Many of these shows have consisted of African American, Caucasian, and Hispanic families who all play a role that we as watchers look up to or perceive as the right way to run our household. Over time there has been an addition to biracial shows and family role changes throughout these sitcoms. For example, now observing single parent homes, homosexual guardians and even the changing of social interaction has both positively and negatively impacted real families who are watching. We have decided to conduct this study with the focus on three sitcoms from the 1980s which are Fresh Prince, The Bill Cosby Show, and Full house. In addition, focusing on three sitcoms for comparison in todays time, 2000s which are Full House, George Lopez and Family Matters. Each of these research samples display a variety of roles played, race , gender and change in family perception. There will be significant differences in the family structures as a function of time and race/culture of sitcoms aired in the 1980’s versus in the 2000’s. More specifically, it is expected that there will be a significant differences in the portrayals of family size, social class, locations, origin, and gender roles. This topic of research and study is important because it not only analyzes, but perfectly displays the evolution changes of familyShow MoreRelatedThe Influence of Essentialst Attitudes Portrayed in the Modern Day Sitcom on the Views and Beliefs of Modern Society.1001 Words   |  5 PagesInfluence of Essentialst Attitudes Portrayed in the Modern Day Sitcom on the Views and Beliefs of Modern Society. Throughout its long history, the sitcom has been commonly understood to define the cultural norms of modern society through such comedy techniques as satire and irony. Like modern society, certain characteristics of the sitcom have evolved over time, while others have remained consistent. The evolution of the sitcom coincides with the generational shift in attitudes of society towardsRead MoreGender Roles During Post World War II Essay2343 Words   |  10 Pagesmasculinity; such were nurtured from these figurative beliefs. Gender roles further stigmatize the victims who refuse to conform. However, gender roles has witnessed a revolution in modern times. The purpose of this collateral involves analyzing the evolution of gender roles present in media from mid 19th century to modern times. The period of time, or 1960’s, was chosen because of post World War II’s effects on stereotypes in society around the world. Post war not only challenged stereotypes but furtherRead M oreMass Media And Its Impact On Society Essay1453 Words   |  6 PagesMass Media Introduction The evolution of mass media has changed remarkably over decades. Media has been a tool utilized to broadcast information and give entertainment to a broad audience for relatively some time. In many ways, the use of television has helped construct the overall understanding of society. What we visualize on television ultimately replicates the â€Å"realities of life†. The messages/images demonstrated on the air depict underlying customs sought out by society that are most reputableRead MoreThe Nuclear Family is no Longer the American Ideal Essay954 Words   |  4 Pageschanged; the nuclear family is no longer the American ideal because family needs have changed since the 1950s. This American convention of a mother and father and their two children, were a template of films and early television as a depiction of the American family life. Now seen as archaic and clichà © by today’s standards, but the idea is common throughout many of the first world nations in the world. This ideal was a vast departure from the past agrarian and pre industrial families, and was modeledRead MoreThe Portrayal Of Black Culture On American Television Essay1980 Words   |  8 PagesPaying select attention to signs and images produced and presented by television media, this essay will analyze the portrayal of Black culture on American television and how it has been constructed based on the system of representation controlled and influenced by White ideologies of the â€Å"Other†. The 1980’s sitcom â€Å"The Cosby Show† will be referenced in representing the evolution of Black representation and the effect it had on audience’s interpretation of race and class structure. RepresentationRead MoreRepresentation Of The Hollywood Television Industry1505 Words   |  7 Pagesactors of different ethnicities as the lead of a show, or by centering an entire show around a unique culture. Most have found this to be beneficial with an increase in ratings and in profits through their sponsors. The organizations, the Florida Family Association (FFA) and the National Hispanic Media Coalition (NHMC) represent two different positions on diversity within Hollywood and how the American people should be portrayed in the television industry. The FFA is a national organization composedRead MoreThe Impact Of Pop Culture On The Music Industry1720 Words   |  7 Pages1990’s was a stepping ground for the development of society as it is today. Through television, music, art and technology American social structures experienced huge changes. Gone were the days of the Huxtables where nuclear families displayed perfect, well put together families. 80’s music once filled with electric synthesizers and singers professing their love for their partners evolved into Hip Hop and Grunge music that discussed the grittiness of real life and the human struggle most people actuallyRead MoreEvolution Of Racist Portrayals Of Film And Television1644 Words   |  7 Pages Prof. Eye. EN 101B November 27, 2014 Evolution of Racist Portrayals in Film and Television. The most common, if not one of the most common methods the morals and perceptions of American society are shaped is through our own storytellers in Hollywood. Filmmakers, writers, and producers for both cinema and television make it their career to create works that tell a compelling story. On occasion, American Society will be reflected in these works, which raises the question: do the works influence societyRead MoreThe Status Of The Ideal American Family1182 Words   |  5 Pagesin family status has been both positive and negative. Historically, the flux in family diversity can be traced back for centuries, and we see many different practices that have had successes and failures amongst families in the United States. Over the last six decades, the image of the ideal American family has changed, as well as the political and economic status of women. The development of relative economic power for women has led to a change in family structure. The evolution of families canRead MoreT he Modern Family1992 Words   |  8 Pagesmodern world the term â€Å"family,† for instance, has divergent meanings. There may be one, or multiple individuals, involved in the rearing of a child; all with diverse roles and features, genders, or even interests in the child. We live in a diverse world, not just in the United States, but globally. Preparing children for a leadership role in this world also requires that we take into account individual micro- and macro-differences, celebrate those differences, and view the family as assisting in any

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

What is APA stand for free essay sample

Therefore, according to PAP you may relax the Papas rules in some cases: The student should find out whether (or in what aspects) the universitys or departments [or instructors] requirements for theses, dissertations, and student papers take precedence over those of the Publication Manual. Writers are reminded that they are preparing the final copy; because the manuscript will not be set in type, the manuscript must be as readable as possible. Many of Papas format requirements aid production for publication.Reasonable exceptions to PAP style for theses and dissertations often make sense and are encouraged to better serve communication and improve the appearance of the final document. For example, tables may be more readable if single- spaced, and justified margins may substitute for ragged right margins (in this case, end-of-line hyphens are accept The PAP encompasses strict guidelines for the formatting of documents. Formatting the reference list and headings are the most important aspects of these guidelines in academic writing. We will write a custom essay sample on What is APA stand for or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The general intent of the Publication Manual is to assist the editorial staff of PAP journals in typesetting.If you are eight margins (in this case, end-of-line hyphens are accept PAP guidelines in academic writing. The general intent of the publication Manual sense publishing it yourself. Therefore, according to PAP, you may relax the respects) the university or departments [or instructors] requirements for appearance of the final document. For example, tables may be more right margins (in this case, end-of-line hyphens are accept these guidelines in academic writing.